Posts Tagged: "board of patent appeals"

The date of invention relates to your conception. This is true whether you are engaging in an interference proceeding seeking to obtain a claim instead of another who is also seeking the claim, or you are attempting to demonstrate that you can get behind a reference used by an examiner because you have an earlier date of invention. The hallmark of a first to invent system is that those who file second can obtain a patent under very strictly limited scenarios. A byproduct of a first to invent system is that if the examiner finds prior art you can “swear behind” the reference using a 131 affidavit to demonstrate that reference is not prior art for your invention. In both the interference context and the 131 affidavit context there needs to be proof of conception that will satisfy the patent laws.

In a peculiar oddity those who choose to challenge the final determinations on patentability of the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences (BPAI) can elect to either proceed directly to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, or they can elect to proceed to the United States Federal District Court for the District of Columbia. The question presented and considered by the full Court at the Federal Circuit was whether new evidence (i.e., evidence not previously presented to the USPTO) can be presented to the District Court when challenging a decision of the BPAI. The short answer — YES. However, without new evidence at the District Court the Federal Circuit must continue to give deference to the USPTO on further appeal.

Funai appealed the examiner’s rejection to the PTO Board which conducted oral argument on August 18th. The CAFC’s earlier decision in favor of Funai was mentioned in passing, but the Judges seemed largely indifferent to it. Counsel for Funia remarked that “at this point the Examiner has adopted our claim construction, which was also adopted by the [ITC], which I know is not [binding] on this Board, and affirmed by the Federal Circuit.” One of the Judges spoke up “…did you say it was affirmed by the Federal Circuit?” Yes, replied counsel, “[i]t should be in the record….” The Judges and counsel then proceeded to discuss the merits of the appeal without further mention of the earlier appellate decision.

Last week the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit issued a ruling in Goeddel v. Sugano, which might be one of a dying breed should patent reform actually pass. The case dealt with an appeal from an interference proceeding where the Board awarded priority based on a Japanese application. The Federal Circuit, per Judge Newman, explained that it was inappropriate to say that the Japanese application demonstrated a constructive reduction to practice because the application merely would allow the skilled reader to “envision” the invention covered in the interference count. If patent reform passes (and yes that could really happen) cases like Goeddel would become a thing of the past, although priority determinations like this one in Goeddel will certainly not go away.

For most of us patent prosecutors, Judge Newman is our hero. She is one of us. On some occasions the patent planets even align and Judge Newman gets to write the majority opinion in a Federal Circuit case. And fortunately for us patent prosecutors, In re Vaidyanathan is one of those cases where Newman waxed very eloquent in saying: “Obviousness is determined as a matter of foresight, not hindsight.” More importantly for us prosecutors, she provided us with useful case law precedent to challenge rejections which are long on conjecture and speculation, but extremely short on facts, evidence, logic, or reasoning. In short, Judge Newman flattened a factually unsupported and badly reasoned obviousness rejection under 35 U.S.C. § 103 in Vaidyanathan.

In the opinion, the BPAI agreed with the reexamination Examiner that any one of four (out of five) prior art references that contained descriptions of oral administration of the herb Yin Yang Huo (also known, perhaps not too surprisingly, as horny goat weed) are anticipatory prior art for claim 24. There were other rejections (double patenting rejections) that the Examiner set forth and that BPAI upheld. The patent claims cover the first commercially (wildly) successful male impotence drug Viagra®.

But what is refreshing and important in the Federal Circuit’s opinion is that mischaracterizations of references relied upon by the patent examiner (or the BPAI) for obviousness rulings are not to be simply glossed over as “harmless error.” Put differently, the Chapman decision gives patent applicant’s a viable legal basis to hold a patent examiner’s (as well as the BPAI’s) “feet to the fire” to challenge an obviousness (or anticipation) rejection based on one or more mischaracterizations of a reference.

On January 20, 2010, the Patent Office is hosting a 3-hour “roundtable” to discuss the Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPRM) regarding Rules of Practice Before the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences. USPTO published this ANPRM on December 22, 2009.  The roundtable will be held at the USPTO’s Madison Auditorium located at 600 Dulany Street, Alexandria, Virginia. The public event is a major…

Reissue practice and reissue oaths are plagued by the tortured language of 35 U.S.C. § 251.  Having suffered through 3 related reissues myself, I’ve often referred to this language in 35 U.S.C. § 251 as being something “other than English.”  An expanded panel of the Patent Office Board of Appeals and Interferences (Board) in Ex parte Tanaka had to decide…

The United States Patent and Trademark Office earlier today announced in the Federal Register that they will once again attempt to modify the rules of practice and procedure in ex parte appeals before the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences (BPAI). Many will undoubtedly remember that just over one year ago, on December 9, 2008, the Office of Management and…

The difference between a successful and unsuccessful season for an NFL Football Team often times hinges upon the outcome of a single game. In some cases, a single play of a game can doom a team’s season or even a coaching/playing career. Due to the heightened importance of games in the NFL, indeed, the importance of every play, instant replay…

I am still in San Diego, California at the Annual Conference of the National Association of Patent Practitioners, which is being held at the Embassy Suites Hotel, which is roughly across the street from the U.S.S. Midway.  The conference has been a good one with some excellent presentations.  This morning there was a Bilski presentation, and since then we have…

About two weeks ago I received an anonymous letter from “A concerned observer” regarding the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences (BPAI).  I realize that anonymous tips can be dubious, but the more I write about the Patent Office the more anonymous tips I get, and the more anonymous comments are made to various posts.  Some of the comments and…